| Contraindication Reason Thin face or little facial fat | In patients with little facial fat, removing the buccal fat pads can lead to an excessively hollow or aged appearance over the years. |
| Contraindication Reason Thin face or little facial fat In patients with little facial fat, removing the buccal fat pads can lead to an excessively hollow or aged appearance over the years. Marked facial aging or significant sagging | The natural loss of volume associated with aging can become more pronounced after bichectomy and worsen facial sagging. |
| Active oral, dental or systemic infection | Infections increase the risk of surgical contamination, poor healing and postoperative complications. Surgery must be postponed until the infection has fully resolved. |
| Uncontrolled systemic diseases | Poorly controlled cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic or immunological conditions increase anesthetic risk and compromise recovery. |
| Severe coagulation disorders | They increase the risk of bruising, intraoperative bleeding and postoperative complications. They require prior medical assessment. |
| Active smoking | Nicotine reduces blood supply to the tissues and increases the risk of infection, delayed healing and problems in the oral mucosa. We recommend stopping smoking at least 4 weeks before and after surgery. |
| Untreated dental problems or periodontal infections | The surgery is performed through an intraoral approach, so any dental source of infection increases the risk of deep infection. |
| Body dysmorphic disorder or unrealistic expectations | When there is a distorted perception of facial image or expectations incompatible with the patient's anatomy, surgery will not resolve the aesthetic dissatisfaction. |
| Under 18 years of age | Facial development must be complete before considering cosmetic surgery to slim the face. |
| Significant facial asymmetries or structural abnormalities that have not been investigated | Some asymmetries may be due to bone, muscle or gland abnormalities that require a specific diagnosis before a bichectomy is indicated. |
| Active autoimmune diseases or significant immunosuppression | They can increase the risk of infection, poor healing and postoperative complications. They require individualized assessment. |
| Treatment with anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs | It is not an absolute contraindication, but it requires adjustment or temporary suspension supervised by the responsible physician. |
| Recent facial surgery or injuries that have not stabilized | The tissues need to have recovered properly before another cosmetic procedure is performed. |
| Pregnancy or breastfeeding | Any elective cosmetic surgery should be postponed until this stage is over, for anesthetic safety and proper recovery. |
| Significant instability in body weight | Significant changes in weight can modify facial volume and alter the aesthetic result obtained. |
| Parotid gland disorders or a history of salivary surgery | The anatomical proximity between the buccal fat pad, the parotid gland and the salivary duct calls for an especially careful surgical assessment in these patients. |